Improvement in gas-retort furnaces



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G. LIEGEL.

Gras Retort Furnace. No. 208,106. Patented Sept.17,1878.

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G LIEGEL Gas VRetor' Furnace. -No. 2os,1o6.

Patented Sent.. 17. 1878'.

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rLPErERs, PHOTO LITHOGRAPHE NITED STATES PATENT OEEIoE.

GEORG LIEGEL, 0F STRALSUND, PRUSSIA.

IMPROVEMENT IN GAS-RETORT FURNACES.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 208,106, datedSeptember 17, 1878; application filed October 29, 1877 patented inGermany, June 6, 1877, and-in England, June 16, 1877.

To all whom t may concern:

Be it known that I, GEORG LiEGEL, of the city of Stralsund, Kingdom ofPrussia, and German Empire, have invented Improvements in Gas-RetortFurnaces, of which Vthe following is a specification:

be hereinafter more fully explained, and thenY set forth in the claims.

In the accompanying drawings, forming part of this specification, Figure1 is a transverse vertical section of afurnace having a series ofgas-retorts combined therewith. Figs. 2, 3, and 4 illustrate gas-retortsgrouped in various ways. Fig. 5 is a vertical longitudinal sec tion ofthe furnace and gas-retorts represented in Fig. 1. Fig. 6 is ahorizontal section of the same. Figs. 7, 8, and 9 are sectional views ofa steam-boiler furnace.

As represented in Figs. l and 5, the firechamber of the 'furnace may bedivided into two parts, a b, the lower part, a, being designated thefuel-chamber or generator, and the upper part, b, the combustion-chamberor regenerator.

The fire-chamber of the furnace is formed of stone or masonry, andincreases gradually in width from the top toward the bottom. The lowerportion of the fire-chamber, however, has its side walls made to slopein an opposite direction from the upper portion, so as to form a longnarrow slit, c, between said walls. The air or oxygen necessary tosupport the combustion of the coke or fuel enters through said slit c.The gases rising from the fuel-bed encounter a second current ofatmospheric air, which enters the openings d, passes through the fluese, and enters the regenerator or gasspace of the furnace through theopenings f.

The admission of the air is regulated by the slides g, which slide overthe openings d. The' products of combustion leave the furnace throughfront and rear fines, which are in communication with a smoke-flue, h.

As shown in the present instance, the fuel is fed into the furnace fromthe iioor of the retort-house.

The charging-hole is closed by means of a cover, i, which is packed by ahydraulic seal. The coke, slag, and ashes, falling through the slit c inthe bottom of the fuel-chamber, pass onto the auxiliary grate It', wherethe coke is burned. The slag is drawn into the ash-box b by means of ahook, and the ashes also pass into said box through the spaces betweenthe grate-bars'. t

At the sideof the grate 7c are formed two channels or ducts, n, whichserve for thepassage of air to a point above the grate, so that it canenter the fuel-chamber through the slit in the bottom thereof.

The air-channels are formed by building two narrow walls, m, on the sidesupports of vth grate, as is shown in Fig. 1.

The furnace heretofore described is specially adapted for heating aseries of gas-retorts. Said retorts may number from one to eleven, andare in all instances arranged beneath an arched roof and above a flre.

As shown in the main Fig. 1, the retorts are generally arranged in threevertical rows, and they extend entirely through the retort or receivin gchamber, and are embedded in the walls thereof.

When more than eight retorts are used they are grouped together as isshown in Figs. 2, 3, and 4. The middle retort, located nearest to thefire, rests on a longitudinal bearer-bar, o, formed of plates andlsupported on transverse arches .1).

The operation and advantages of the furnace above described may bebrieiiy stated as follows, viz The presence of a dense fuelbed inconnection with the air passing through the same will tend to intensifythe fire. By dispensing with a grate for the main f1re,aud using insteadthe peculiarly-constructed iirechamber with a slit in the bottomthereof, it is not necessary to use water linings for cooling the grateand ash-box. By making the side and rear walls of the fire-chambersloping or inclined and stair shaped, the air will more effectually passthrough the fuelbed than is the case when the walls of the fire-chamberare perpendicular and smooth.

By contracting the lower portion of the lirechamber the heatisintensified at that point, thus effecting the perfect smeltin g of theslag to cause the same to run out by itself. The bottom fire on thesecondary grate is fed by the small coke falling through the slit in themain nre-chamber. This lire has for its object to utilize the waste cokeby burning the same, also to heat the air passing through the slit inthe nre-chamber. Another object is to prevent the cooling of the slagpassing out through the slit, thus obviating the clogging of the latter.up at the sides of the secondary grate, will tend to cool the angles ofthe stones forming the bottom of the fire-chamber, or the slit therein,thus preventing the melting of the same. The curved shape of thebearer-bar for the central retort will act to deflect the ame of thefire, so that said central retort is not heated to a greater degree thanthe others. The retorts extend nearly through the rear wall oftheretort-chamber, thus increasing the length or capacity of the same.

As represented in Figs. 7 to 9, inclusive, the furnace is of the sameconstruction as that used for heating the gas-retorts. Itis used forheating a steam-boiler having two nues, the door for charging thefurnace being located higher than usual, so as to have it above thefuel-bed.

The lateral air-currents, passingy I may use my furnace system inconnection with evaporating-vessels and ovens of various kinds, thenecessary changes in the arrangement of the parts readily suggestingthemselves.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire tosecure by Letters Patent, is-

1. A furnace having a combustion-chamber with inner sloping Walls, and abottom fuelchamber with oppositely-sloping walls, and provided with alongitudinal bottom slit, as and for the purpose set forth.

2. The grate k and lateral converging airchannels n, in combination witha furnacechamber having a bottom slit, as and for the purpose set forth.

3. The bearer-bar o, having curved sides, and the arches p, incombination with a furnace and a central retort, as and for the purposeset forth.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in thepresence of two subscribing witnesses.

GEORG LIEGEL.

Witnesses:

GERARD v. NAwRooKI, HERMANN KREisMANN.

